An interesting mythological theory from another forum on what may be going on with Lost:
I think this guy may be onto something. Of course you can also still just as easily make a convincing argument for a biblical Jacob and Esau parallel as well.
"I guess there are quite a few people who thought that the temple of the Others was a pyramid - and well, they were right! But it was not an egyptian pyramid, it was a mesoamerican one.
There was only one mesoamerican god I knew - Quetzalcoatl, so I looked him up and hoped to see something that could have resembled the Smoke Monster, but I didn't really find it. However, Quetzalcoatl had a brother, Tezcatlipoca:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezcatlipoca
And I believe that Tezcatlipoca was the primary inspiration for our Smoke Monster. His name translates into "Smoking mirror". The mirror was a device that allowed him to see into the hearts and minds of people. He was able to shape-shift and he is associated with the color black, discord, rulership and temptation.
So, now that we know about the Temple, what about the egyptians? Well... when the Spanish landed at the mexican shore to invade the Aztecs, the aztec king actually believed that the gods had returned, because the gods were supposed to be of bright skin - since Quetzalcoatl was of bright skin, too. Maybe this ancient prophecy hinted at a connection between America and Europe/Asia/Africa?
Maybe there is a reason for the appearance of pyramids in Egypt and Mexico, because.... it is actually the same religion?
I believe that this is the premise of the whole show.
The brothers Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca were enemies. They were the sons of the Lord and Lady of duality:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ometeotl
Ometeotl was basically what we would call "God", the highest deity, the universe, or sometimes, the island.
So I believe that Quetzalcoatl is Jacob. I am not 100% sure, because I cannot rule out the possibility that Jacob is actually a mortal being and just the servant of another god. But he would be natural as the Smoke Monster's rival. He is associated with knowledge, learning and the priesthood (Ilana and Bram). His nickname is "feathered serpent". Maybe if Jacob appears as a serpent we will know for sure, but the fact that Hurley can see him seems to imply that he is really just a human being... We will see....
Basically, the history of the world according to Lost is the eternal struggle of these two gods. They fought against each other in ancient times and divided the world into two spheres: Jacob ruled over Egypt, and the Smoke Monster over Mesoamerica. Jacob, as the symbol of knowledge and learning believed that humans can improve. He inspired religions whose world-view is eschatological....meaning history of mankind is moving towards a certain goal. These religions believe in a judgment day or the end of history: christianity, islam, judaism, zoroastrism.
The Smoke Monster believed in a cyclical worldview: Everything happens again and again and humans never learn. This worldview inspired other religions: Hinduism with the wheel of fate, Buddhism with the eternal reincarnation, and the mesoamerican religions (You might know that, according to the mayan calendar 2012 is not the end of the world, but merely the beginning of a new cycle).
I believe that Jacob intends to develop humanity until they don't need gods anymore to know what's right and wrong. And since he and the Smoke Monster are now imprisoned on this island, he has almost succeeded."